Pemanfaatan Rumput-Rumputan dalam Pencegahan Penyakit pada Ikan: Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61761/agiotech.2.1.1-5Keywords:
Rumput-Rumputan, Aeromonas hydrophila, Antibakteri Alami, FitofarmakaAbstract
Kajian ini mengeksplorasi potensi rumput-rumputan sebagai alternatif antibiotik dalam pengendalian infeksi Aeromonas hydrophila pada ikan. Intensifikasi budidaya ikan telah meningkatkan kerentanan terhadap penyakit, sementara penggunaan antibiotik sintetis menimbulkan masalah resistensi dan dampak lingkungan. Analisis literatur dari jurnal-jurnal (2016-2024) menunjukkan bahwa senyawa bioaktif dalam rumput-rumputan, termasuk flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin, memiliki aktivitas antibakteri melalui berbagai mekanisme seperti penghambatan sintesis peptidoglikan dan perusakan membran sel bakteri. Studi molekuler mengungkapkan efek positif ekstrak rumput-rumputan terhadap sistem imun ikan dan penghambatan gen virulensi bakteri. Standardisasi ekstrak, kontrol kualitas, dan evaluasi keamanan menjadi aspek kritis dalam pengembangan produk. Dari segi ekonomi, pemanfaatan rumput-rumputan menawarkan keunggulan biaya dan potensi pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui budidaya. Pengembangan teknologi ekstraksi yang efisien dan ekonomis diperlukan untuk optimalisasi pemanfaatan. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa rumput-rumputan memiliki potensi signifikan sebagai agen antibakteri alami dalam akuakultur, meskipun diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk aspek keamanan dan efektivitasnya
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